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AI Terms Glossary
retrieval-augmented generation
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retrieval-augmented generation

A technique where AI models combine pre-trained knowledge with real-time retrieval of relevant information from external sources to generate more accurate and context-aware responses.

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AlphaGo

A groundbreaking AI developed by DeepMind that used deep learning and reinforcement learning to master the complex game of Go, defeating the world champion in 2016.

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Amazon AI

A suite of machine learning and AI services provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS), including tools for image recognition, speech synthesis, and predictive analytics.

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Amazon Lex

An AI service by Amazon Web Services that builds conversational interfaces and voice/text-based chatbots, leveraging natural language understanding and automatic speech recognition.

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Amazon Machine Learning

A cloud-based service that allows developers to create predictive models using machine learning algorithms without needing in-depth expertise in the field.

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Amelia

An AI-powered virtual assistant built for enterprises, capable of performing advanced tasks in customer service, IT support, and HR. Amelia combines conversational AI with process automation to improve business operations.

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Anthropic Claude 3

A conversational AI developed by Anthropic, focusing on safety and ethical use. Claude 3 is designed for tasks like summarization, answering questions, and creative writing, with advanced capabilities for safe and aligned interactions.

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Anthropic Constitutional AI

A framework by Anthropic that guides AI models to follow specific principles or "constitutions" to ensure ethical decision-making and reduce harmful outputs, embedded in models like Claude.

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Apple Intelligence

AI-powered features integrated across Apple products like Siri, Face ID, and on-device machine learning for enhanced security, privacy, and personalized experiences.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The simulation of human intelligence in machines, enabling them to perform tasks such as reasoning, learning, problem-solving, and understanding language.

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Artificial Intelligence as a Service (AIaaS)

A cloud-based service model that provides AI tools and capabilities as services to users, allowing businesses to integrate AI without building infrastructure from scratch.

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Asilomar AI Principles

A set of guidelines developed in 2017 to ensure the safe and beneficial development of AI technologies, focusing on transparency, accountability, and alignment with human values.

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Automated B-roll selection

AI automatically selects relevant B-roll footage to match a video's primary content, streamlining the editing process.

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Automated scene detection

AI detects and identifies different scenes in a video, segmenting them for easier editing and organization.

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Automated video editing

The use of AI to perform basic editing tasks like cutting, trimming, and adding transitions or effects automatically.

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algorithmic transparency

The principle of making the workings of AI algorithms clear and understandable, allowing users and regulators to scrutinize decision-making processes and ensure fairness and accountability.

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ambient intelligence (AmI)

A vision for technology in which AI and sensors are seamlessly embedded into the environment to provide context-aware, adaptive, and unobtrusive services to users.

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artificial general intelligence (AGI)

A theoretical form of AI that would have the ability to perform any intellectual task that a human can, often considered the ultimate goal of AI research.

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artificial intelligence (AI) governance

The framework of rules, policies, and oversight mechanisms that govern the responsible development and deployment of AI, ensuring alignment with ethical, legal, and societal standards.

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artificial intelligence of things (AIoT)

The integration of AI with Internet of Things (IoT) devices to enable smarter decision-making, automation, and analytics across connected systems and sensors.

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artificial neuron

The basic computational unit of a neural network, modeled after biological neurons, used to process inputs and generate outputs in AI models.

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artificial superintelligence (ASI)

A hypothetical future AI that surpasses human intelligence across all fields, including creativity, problem-solving, and social understanding.

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assistive technology (adaptive technology)

Technology designed to assist individuals with disabilities, improving their ability to communicate, move, and perform daily activities through AI-driven tools and devices.

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association rules

A data mining technique used to discover relationships and patterns between variables in large datasets, often used in market basket analysis.

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augmented analytics

The use of AI and machine learning to automate data preparation, insight generation, and data visualization, making analytics more accessible to non-experts.

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augmented intelligence

A collaborative approach between humans and AI systems where AI enhances human decision-making rather than replacing it, aiming to amplify human capabilities.

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automated machine learning (AutoML)

A suite of tools and techniques that automate the process of building, training, and optimizing machine learning models, making AI more accessible to non-experts.

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automated reasoning

The area of AI focused on enabling machines to reason logically, drawing conclusions based on available information, and solving complex problems autonomously.

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autonomous artificial intelligence (autonomous AI)

AI systems capable of performing tasks independently without human intervention, often used in robotics, self-driving cars, and intelligent automation.

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BERT language model

A state-of-the-art natural language processing model developed by Google that uses bidirectional training to better understand the context of words in a sentence.

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BLOOM (BigScience Large Open-science Open-access Multilingual Language Model)

A multilingual language model developed by the BigScience project. BLOOM is designed to handle a wide range of languages and tasks, focusing on ethical and transparent AI development.

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Boolean

A branch of algebra dealing with true or false values, fundamental to logic-based AI and computing, and used in decision-making algorithms.

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backward chaining

A reasoning method in AI where the system works backward from a goal to determine the necessary steps or conditions to achieve that goal, often used in expert systems.

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black box AI

AI systems whose internal workings are not easily understood or interpretable by humans, often leading to concerns about transparency and accountability.

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brain-computer interface (BCI)

Technology that allows direct communication between the brain and external devices, often used in medical applications to help individuals control prosthetics or computers.

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Cerebras GPT

A family of GPT models designed to run on Cerebras' wafer-scale hardware, providing super-efficient training and inference for large-scale natural language models.

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ChatGPT

A conversational AI model developed by OpenAI, capable of understanding and generating human-like text based on prompts provided by users.

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ChatGPT jailbreak

Methods or techniques used by users to bypass or manipulate the safety restrictions or limitations placed on the ChatGPT model.

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Claude 2

An improved version of Claude AI, Claude 2 introduced better natural language understanding and generation capabilities. It offered more coherent and contextually aware conversations, with advancements in handling complex tasks like writing assistance, question answering, and creative content generation, all while maintaining its emphasis on ethical AI usage.

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Claude AI

The first version of Anthropic's Claude AI, focused on safety, alignment, and ethical conversational abilities. It was designed to generate human-like text, assist with summarization, answer questions, and follow user instructions while minimizing harmful or biased outputs. Claude 1 set the foundation for safe and controlled AI interactions.

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Codex

OpenAI's AI model optimized for programming tasks. Codex powers GitHub Copilot, helping developers by generating code snippets, debugging, and completing entire functions based on natural language input.

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Cohere Command R+

A model developed by Cohere for retrieval-augmented generation, making it particularly useful in situations where real-time information access is critical, such as in customer support or dynamic content creation.

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Conversational AI

AI technology that enables chatbots to engage in back-and-forth, natural conversations with users, similar to human dialogue.

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Custom avatars

AI-generated digital characters tailored to users' specifications, often used for personal or commercial video content.

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case-based reasoning (CBR)

A problem-solving approach in AI that uses past cases or experiences to solve new problems, drawing from previous knowledge to inform decision-making.

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causal AI

An AI approach that focuses on understanding cause-and-effect relationships in data, rather than just correlations, enabling better prediction and decision-making.

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cellular automaton (CA)

A model used in computational systems where cells evolve through a set of rules based on the states of their neighboring cells, often used in simulations and pattern recognition.

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chain-of-thought prompting

A technique in AI where intermediate reasoning steps are explicitly generated or displayed to guide the AI model toward solving a complex problem or answering a question.

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cognitive automation

The use of AI and machine learning to automate tasks that require cognitive functions such as decision-making, learning, and natural language understanding.

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cognitive search

AI-driven search engines that provide more intuitive and relevant results by understanding the context, intent, and meaning of the user’s queries.

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computational linguistics (CL)

The study of using computational methods to analyze and model human language, often applied in natural language processing tasks such as translation and speech recognition.

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context window

The range of text or data that an AI model considers when processing input to generate responses, often critical in understanding and generating relevant information in language models.

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curiosity artificial intelligence (curiosity AI)

AI systems designed to explore and learn autonomously by seeking out new information or challenges, often used in reinforcement learning to improve problem-solving capabilities.

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DALL-E 3

OpenAI’s third iteration of the DALL-E model, which can generate high-quality images from textual descriptions. DALL-E 3 introduces more complex visual outputs with better understanding of intricate prompts.

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Deep learning video generation

The use of deep learning models to generate video content based on learned patterns, often producing realistic or stylized results.

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DeepMind

A leading AI research company owned by Alphabet (Google's parent company), known for breakthroughs in deep learning and reinforcement learning, including AlphaGo and other advanced AI systems.

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Deepfake technology

AI-generated videos that mimic real people's appearances and voices, often used in entertainment or to simulate speech.

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data classification

The process of organizing data into categories based on shared features or labels, a key task in machine learning and data analytics.

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data mining

The practice of analyzing large datasets to discover patterns, correlations, and useful information, often used in AI for predictive analytics and decision-making.

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data poisoning (AI poisoning)

A type of attack where malicious actors inject false or misleading data into a training set to manipulate the outcomes of an AI model.

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data science platform

A suite of tools and frameworks that allow data scientists to manage, analyze, and model large datasets efficiently, often with integrated machine learning capabilities.

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data splitting

The process of dividing a dataset into subsets for training, validation, and testing in machine learning to ensure accurate and unbiased model evaluation.

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delivery drone

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with AI for autonomous navigation and delivery of goods, often used in logistics and supply chain management.

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dropout

A regularization technique in machine learning where certain neurons are randomly “dropped out” during training to prevent overfitting and improve generalization of the model.

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Ernie 4.0

Baidu's flagship large language model, built for the Chinese market, offering powerful capabilities in natural language understanding, text generation, and multimodal processing.

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edge AI

AI that runs on local devices (such as smartphones, IoT devices, or embedded systems) rather than centralized cloud servers, enabling faster processing and real-time decision-making.

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evolutionary algorithm

A subset of machine learning inspired by biological evolution, where candidate solutions evolve over time through processes like mutation, crossover, and selection.

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expert system

A type of AI that uses a knowledge base and inference rules to solve complex problems, often in fields like medicine, engineering, and finance, by mimicking human expert reasoning.

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explainable AI

AI systems designed to provide clear and understandable explanations for their decisions and actions, enhancing transparency and trust in their outcomes.

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Facial animation

AI automates the animation of facial movements and expressions for digital characters or avatars.

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Falcon 180B

A large-scale open-access language model designed for robust natural language understanding and generation, developed by the Technology Innovation Institute (TII). Known for high performance across multilingual tasks.

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Fine-tuning AI chatbots

Adjusting and retraining AI models like ChatGPT to cater to specific tasks or industries by providing additional, domain-specific training data.

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face detection

AI technology that detects and locates human faces within images or video frames, often used as a precursor to facial recognition systems.

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facial recognition

A biometric AI technology that identifies or verifies individuals by analyzing the unique patterns of their facial features, commonly used in security, surveillance, and user authentication.

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feature engineering

The process of transforming raw data into features that can be used to train machine learning models, often requiring domain expertise and creativity.

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first-order logic

A formal system used in AI to represent and reason about relationships between objects and their properties, supporting more complex reasoning than basic Boolean logic.

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flux

A state-management pattern used in AI and software development, where the flow of data is unidirectional, making it easier to maintain and update states in complex systems.

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fuzzy logic

A form of logic used in AI that allows for reasoning with imprecise or uncertain information, as opposed to the binary true/false nature of traditional logic.

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GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer)

The core architecture behind models like ChatGPT, which is designed to generate text based on patterns learned during training on vast datasets.

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GPT-3

A large language model developed by OpenAI, known for its ability to generate highly coherent and contextually appropriate text across a wide range of tasks, using deep learning techniques.

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GPT-4

The fourth iteration of OpenAI's Generative Pre-trained Transformer model, widely used for natural language generation tasks. Known for its ability to generate coherent, context-aware, and human-like text across various domains.

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GPT-4 Turbo

A more efficient and cost-effective version of OpenAI's GPT-4, designed to provide faster responses and improved cost optimization in commercial applications, with most of the same capabilities as GPT-4.

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Gato

A generalist agent developed by DeepMind that can perform multiple tasks, including text, image recognition, and gameplay, positioning it as a model for general AI applications.

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Gaussian splatting

A graphics processing technique used in AI to efficiently generate smooth, continuous surfaces by approximating pixel information, often used in 3D rendering and image generation.

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Gemini

A cutting-edge AI assistant developed by Google DeepMind, Gemini is designed as a multimodal model capable of handling text, image, and audio processing. It integrates conversational capabilities similar to ChatGPT, while also excelling in real-time data analysis and complex problem-solving tasks. Gemini focuses on providing users with a comprehensive AI experience by combining Google’s advanced search, voice assistance, and AI-driven functionalities into one assistant. It’s designed for personal productivity, creativity, and more advanced enterprise use cases.

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Gemini 2

The second iteration of Google DeepMind's multimodal AI model, Gemini 2 builds upon the original Gemini with enhanced capabilities in understanding and generating text, images, and audio. It integrates even more deeply with Google’s ecosystem, offering advanced real-time data processing, search capabilities, and voice interaction. Gemini 2 is designed to handle complex conversational tasks, content generation, and even assist with creative work like design and multimedia editing. This version improves on both the scale and efficiency of AI-driven solutions for both personal and enterprise use.

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Gemma

A term used for emerging AI platforms or systems (hypothetical or industry-specific), often representing AI models designed for particular applications such as personalized recommendations or analytics.

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Generative AI for video

AI models that create new video content based on minimal input, often generating scenes, animations, or entire videos.

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GitHub Copilot

An AI assistant developed by GitHub and powered by OpenAI’s Codex model. Copilot helps developers by suggesting code completions, generating functions, and automating repetitive coding tasks within IDEs like Visual Studio Code.

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Google AI

The AI research and development arm of Google, responsible for creating advanced AI technologies like natural language processing models (BERT), image recognition, and reinforcement learning systems.

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Google Assistant

A voice-activated AI assistant from Google, capable of performing tasks such as answering questions, setting reminders, controlling smart devices, and providing real-time updates. Integrated with Google's ecosystem, it supports various daily life tasks.

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Google Bard

A conversational AI from Google, designed to compete with ChatGPT. Bard excels at real-time information retrieval and conversational tasks, integrated with Google’s vast knowledge base for enhanced accuracy.

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Google Duplex

An AI system by Google that enables natural-sounding phone conversations for tasks like booking appointments or reservations, using advanced speech synthesis and understanding.

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generative adversarial network (GAN)

A class of machine learning models where two neural networks, a generator and a discriminator, compete against each other to produce highly realistic synthetic data, such as images or videos.

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generative design

An AI-driven design process where algorithms create optimal solutions based on a set of input constraints and objectives, often used in architecture, manufacturing, and product design.

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generative modeling

A type of machine learning that focuses on creating new data samples from a learned distribution, such as generating realistic images, text, or audio from existing data.

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gradient descent

A popular optimization algorithm used to minimize the loss function in machine learning models by iteratively adjusting the model's parameters in the direction of the steepest descent.

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graph database

A type of database that uses graph structures for storing, querying, and managing data, where entities and their relationships are represented as nodes and edges, respectively, enabling complex relational queries.

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Hadoop

An open-source framework used for distributed storage and processing of large datasets across clusters of computers, commonly used in big data analytics and machine learning.

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Hugging Face Inference API

While not a traditional assistant, Hugging Face provides a platform where users can interact with various AI models for NLP, computer vision, and audio tasks. The Inference API allows users to integrate AI capabilities into their applications.

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hyperautomation

The use of advanced AI and machine learning to automate processes across an organization at scale, combining technologies like robotic process automation (RPA) with intelligent systems.